South Sudanese Army

"Landep News"

South Sudanese Army

Sudan and South Sudan are expected to resume negotiations on Saturday, as the leaders of the two countries play down the importance of the violent border clashes since the country split in January 2011. The two countries clashed for two days in an oil-rich zone at the border in the most serious clash since the civil war that lasted for decades and ended with an agreement brokered in 2005, which was the base of the independence referendum that created a new state in the world.

The United Nations and the United States have warned that the border clashes would re-ignite the war between Sudan and South Sudan. Even so, the leaders of the two countries said they were committed to peace. On Tuesday, the Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir cancelled a trip to South Sudan, where he was supposed to sign agreements that were convened during the meetings at the African Union headquarters in Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.

The decision Bashir made was due to the incidents at the border, as at least three bombs were dropped on the oil field at Bentiu, a day after the clashes in the town of Jau. The leader of the South Sudan said that the president of Sudan did not cancel the visit indefinitely, and that the visit would resume as soon as the conflict is over.

The South Sudanese officials said that the regime in Khartoum does not obstruct peace and cooperation, but that there are some of the people in the capital of Sudan that want the two countries to be in conflict.

Sudan said that the conflict was started by the South Sudanese Liberation Army and the government in Juba. Khartoum also said that the South Sudanese troops received help from the Darfur insurgents, who had fought during the war on the side of SPLA.

The international community has pressured the two states to come to an agreement and give peace and cooperation a chance. A spokesman for the Sudanese president said that there was enough war, while the South Sudanese said that as a newborn country, they must fight to rebuild their nation instead of warring.

Clashes erupted between Sudanese government and rebels for the control of a town in oil-rich South Kordofan, close to the border with newly independent South Sudan. Clashes started on Thursday as the rebels laid siege to the town of Taludi. Government forces are still fighting to drive them off.

Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-North, the group of rebels fighting the government, threatened the governmental troops to surrender or “meet their destiny.” Fight erupted in Sudan after the secession in July 2011 in the Blue Nile and South Kordofan states.

On Friday, the United States Senate called for Sudan to allow humanitarian aid workers in the region of South Kordofan and Blue Nile. The American Senate passed on Thursday night by voice vote a resolution on stability and peace in Sudan, by which it demanded the immediate cessation of fire in the border region to allow food and humanitarian supply to come to the region.

A Democratic Senator said that the president of Sudan had the capacity to avert a civil war and that it was his responsibility to do it. About 105,000 people in these regions have fled to South Sudan to save their lives, but are still in danger as the Sudanese are bombing the border areas.

United Nations refugee agency warned that the people who found refuge in the new republic of South Sudan should be moved far inside the territory of the country, so that the Sudanese aviation may not reach them.

South Sudan has seceded from the Republic of Sudan and proclaimed independence on July 7, becoming the youngest republic of the world. South Sudan is a poor country, which has inherited two thirds of Sudan’s oil reserves.

The two countries have not been able to solve all the problems between them, the most important pending problems remaining the citizenship of the South Sudan people who remained on the territory of the Sudanese state, the borders, and the oil revenue sharing.

The province of Abyie, rich in oil, has not determined yet which country to adhere to. Abyie was expected to hold a referendum in January 2011 but it was not hold anymore.

When the two countries were separated, South Sudan received the most part of the oil fields but Sudan received the pipelines that are necessary to transport the oil to the ports where it is shipped to the world.

A scandal broke between the two countries after Sudan stopped the shipping of oil from the South Sudan, motivating that the fees for the transport through the pipelines have not been paid. South Sudan said that the fees requested by the northern state were too high and that they refused to pay.

South Sudan has engaged talks with major corporations to build pipelines that would allow the country to avoid transporting its oil through the Sudanese pipelines.

Sudan is a Arabic-speaking Muslim republic, with shariah as the fundamental source of law, while South Sudan is an English-speaking Christian country. Sudan is still confronted with breakaway movements in Blue Nile and South Kordofan states and in the Darfur province.

The president of Sudan, Omar al-Bashir is under an international arrest warrant for the implication in the Darfur genocide. He had a very constructive position in the process of independence of the southern state.

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